Potential for Severe Thunderstorms Late Today

The Storm Prediction Center has issued a slight risk of severe thunderstorms for far western parts of the area today. The rest of the area including the Northeast NJ, NYC and Long Island area are in a lower 5% risk for thunderstorms producing damaging wind gusts and large hail. An upper-level trough and cold front approaching from the west, will trigger showers and thunderstorms, late this afternoon and this evening. With a humid airmass in place and temperatures rising into lower to middle 90s today away from the shore, the atmosphere will become very unstable some of those thunderstorms to possibly become strong or severe.

Storm Prediction Center outlook for 13z Wednesday, shows slight risk for parts Upstate NY, Pennsylvania, and Extreme Western Nj
Storm Prediction Center outlook for 13z Tuesday, shows slight risk for parts Upstate NY, Pennsylvania, and Extreme Western Nj

The severe threat is greatest over Upstate New York, Pennsylvania and extreme Northwest New Jersey. Where they will be closer to an embedded 500mb shortwave trough and a 40-60kt southwesterly low-level jet streak late this afternoon and early evening. Both features will enhance shear and lift for more organized severe thunderstorms that can produce damaging winds, large hail and isolated tornadoes.  For areas closer to to I-95 corridor, with less shear and lifting later today, the threat for severe thunderstorms with damaging winds and large hail is more isolated.

12z NAM showing 40-60kt 850mb jet
Today 12z run of the NAM showing 40-60kt 850mb jet over Upstate New York  and Pennsylvania (image courtesy of College of DuPage)

The cold front will move through area tonight and tomorrow, with more showers and thunderstorms with heavy downpours. Shear and lifting will be more sufficient. But a slightly cooler and drier airmass behind front, will mean less instability for severe thunderstorms. For more organized, widespread severe thunderstorms, sufficient lifting, shear, instability, and moisture need to all come together. But forecasting how all these ingredients will come together for severe, is hardly ever simple in Northeast US, even on the same day of threat.  For this reason, I will continue to monitor this potential here today and tomorrow.

Severe Wx Outbreak to the West Today and Tomorrow

A strong storm and upper-level low taking a negative tilt will cause severe t-storms with potential of producing straight-line damaging winds, large hail and tornadoes are parts Central Plains and Mississippi River Valley. At this time, the storm prediction center in Norman, Oklahoma, has place much the area in moderate risk. However an upgrade to a high risk is possible later today:

day1otlk_1300Curved low-level and mid-level jet streaks at over 50kts, will be providing directional shear and forcing. Surface dewpoints in the 60s and 70s, steepening lapse rates and high CAPE (convective available potential energy), will provide ample moisture and instability. Large, curved hodographs on the forecast models, also show potential for some strong tornadoes to form. Latest SREF at 9z today, has moderate and to high probabilities for ingredients for signficant tornadoes over large parts of Central and Lower Mississippi Valleys

SREF_prob_combined_sigtor__f015This severe wx outbreak like spread east into parts Ohio Valley and Tennessee Valley, later tonight and tomorrow. As this storm system and upper-level low begins to slowly move east. The threat for strong tornadoes will continue to exist. Slight risk and moderate risk have been issued by SPC:

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